When We two parted : Poem

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Hello friends welcome to my blog. This is very interesting blog on the poem "When we two parted" written by Lord Byron. Poet express his feelings when he parted from his beloved. Let's we look this poem in detail. 

Introduction

Lord Byron achieved tremendous popularity as a poet in his short life. As a poet he has written many poems like...

1. Child Harold's Pilgrimage

2. The Prisoner of chill-on

3. Don Juan

4. When we two Parted. etc....

'When we two parted' was written in 1808. This poem refers to one of poet's earlier lady loves. This poem is about the feeling of poet when they parted with each other. Let us discuss this poem in detail.

Theme of the poem

The Title of the poem 'When we two parted' itself suggests, the theme of 'Separation'. Apart from love, poet has focused on the moment when they separated with each other. In this poem poet has described his experience of life after the parted of beloved. He also shows that after the pared  of beloved his life become painful. 

It means the theme of the poem shows painful life of a person whose beloved is parted from him.

Analysis of the poem

When We Two Parted

George Gordon Byron - 1788-1824

• 

When we two parted
   In silence and tears,
Half broken-hearted
   To sever for years,
Pale grew thy cheek and cold,
   Colder thy kiss;
Truly that hour foretold
   Sorrow to this.

The dew of the morning
   Sunk chill on my brow--
It felt like the warning
   Of what I feel now.
Thy vows are all broken,
   And light is thy fame;
I hear thy name spoken,
   And share in its shame.

They name thee before me,
   A knell to mine ear;
A shudder comes o'er me--
   Why wert thou so dear?
They know not I knew thee,
   Who knew thee too well--
Long, long shall I rue thee,
   Too deeply to tell.

In secret we met--
   In silence I grieve,
That thy heart could forget,
   Thy spirit deceive.
If I should meet thee
   After long years,
How should I greet thee?--
   With silence and tears.

The poem 'When we two parted' is divided into four stanza . The first stanza begins with the line...

"When we two parted

In silence the tears,

Half broken-hearted

To server for years."

The above line shows the moment from which a poet has to depart from his beloved. The word like 'tears' and 'silence' show the  sorrowful moment of life. While the word "half broken-hearted shows that the heart is broken and it is not recovered for many years. He also says that there is no charm in her cheek and kiss. Her kiss become colder and cold means it loses it's warms. It means there is no feeling of love at the time of departure.

Second stanza

In the second stanza the poet has described the feeling of soft morning. The word 'dew' shows unpleasant atmosphere of life. According to the poet....

"They vows are all broken

And light is they fame,

I hear they name spoken

And share in its shame".

It means his beloved has broken all the promise and there was no value of love for her. The poet also writes their fame become light day by day. The poet feels shame when her name is spoken.

Third stanza

In the third stanza poets writes..

"They name thee before me ,

A knell to mine ear,

..........long long shall I rue thee

Too deeply to tell".

Here, poet says that when the people took her name before me it made me trouble. It also creates vibration in his body because of sadness. Poet also says that why the people took his name with her without knowing anything. It shows the poet's pain in his heart because of his beloved.

Fourth stanza

In the fourth stanza the poet writes that he can't express his sorrow openly when they meet in secret. He also writes that he felt pain in silence but his beloved has forgotten him entirely. The poet says...

"If I should meet thee,

After long years,

How should I greet thee?

With silence and tears".

Here, one question aroused in poet's mind that if they should meet after long time how should he react with her? Poet himself gives the answer that he treats her with silence and tears. It shows poet's painful life after the departure of his beloved. 

Style of writing

As for style is concerned, port has used nicely all the levels. In phonological level (the level of sound) the poet has used rhyme scheme AB, AB, CD, CD in all the stanza. He has also used alliteration and rhyming words. The poet has also used the grammatical pattern like pronoun, verbs and and also many simple words. So that the reader can easily read and understand the meaning of this poem.

Conclusion


The poem 'When we two parted' is an autobiographical poem of Lord Byron. In this poem the poet has expressed his lamentation of  departure. He has narrated his experience of painful life after the departure with his beloved. The poet has also used phonological level, grammar and also the meaning of this poem.

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Ghashiram Kotwal : Play

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Welcome to my blog. Now I'm sharing with you very interesting blog about the most famous Indian  play "Ghashiram Kotwal", written by Vijay Tendulkar Originally published in Marathi in the year - 1972 and then translated in English by Jaynt Karve and Eleanor Zeliot. In which we study about the character of Ghashiram. Let's  look it in detail. 

Introduction

British rules in India is a strong influence on Indian society. So many changes can be observed in Indian society because of direct or indirect influence of English with passing of time a specific class of people emerged who were interested in English language. As a result a new type of literature came into existence in Indian that is Indian writing in English. This literature has mad a respectable place today in the world of literature. Some Indian English works have impressed the international readers. However Indian English drama has poor output in comparison in fiction and poetry very few Indian dramatist have produced remarkable plays; Vijay Tendulkar is one of them. He was wrote in Marathi language.  His play Ghashiram Kotwal is much appreciated play. 

The play introduces a powerful set of characters like Ghashiram Kotwal, Nana Phadnavis , Gulabi etc. But at the present we can look the character sketch of Ghashiram.

Character Sketch of Ghashiram

A character in a play is a part of general atmosphere and themes with which the playwright is concerned. He or she should not be taken out of this very distinguish. Tendulkar says; "Each oh them has his/her own separate existence and expression". 

Ghashiram has his own separate existence and expression even though he is a historical character. Vijay Tendulkar has portrayed this character sketch with some changes in this character and therefore this play is set in the historical background of Poona but it is not a historical play.

Ghashiram is a victim of fate and circumstances more than any thing else. He is apparently a native Kannoj Brahman who comes to city of Poona to try his luck and earn his livelihood. He leaves kannoj for good but gets soaked up in Poona's debased politics, corruption and evil ways.  Seemingly innocent, he is capable of evil. He seems to be emotionally imbalanced as well. It is difficult to justify his acts both before becoming the Kotwal and afterwards.

His Initial life in poona


In the beginning of the play ghashiram is an ordinary man trying to make a living allemping to get into Nana's good gresis. He appears as an ordinary servant at Bhavankhani where gulabi is his mistress(Boos) from such ordinary and lower job this Kanoji Brahmans reaches to the hire post of Kotwal. The police commission in  Poona at at the end of first act. The insult by Brahmans of Poona enrages him to take revenge and he determines to treat this people in cruel way. 

The ability to grab the opportunity


Apparently sober and naive, he is willing to take up any work including: working for a where and performing all petty works, ranging from household chores to dancing with woman so, he has the ability to grab opportunity.

Humiliated by Poona 's people


He comes in contact with Nana and finds a favor with him for his servility and ready wit, Nana pleased and offers him his necklace, which he at first refuses but accepts the second time. His problems starts from there. Gulabi, is not ready to let him walk away with the gift, which nana had given him and then ghashiram was beaten and thrown out. And later on he held responsible for the pick pocketing and his further insulted, kicked and thrown out by soldiers. This is too much for him and he cannot bear it any longer against his innocence. He says...

" Hit me Beat me some more Hit me!

I spit on you. Beat me come on

beat me come on

stone me cowards. pig shit;

come on and beat me." 

As a father


Ghashiram appears as a typical father when he deals with Nana for the post of Kotwal and in return to offer his daughter to Nana. On the other hand Nana marries guari ghashiram's daughter and assures him for better future like ghashiram  can be found in literature or history. Who offers his young daughter to a middle aged man for marriage. In fact , this is Nana's seventh marriage. It is the agony of an insulted Kanoj brahmins for revenge makes him do such a mean bargaining. He loves his daughter but power and position is more important it.  

Ghashiram vows to return

Poona where he came to make his fortune but unfortunately it not only snatch money and necklace from him but also treated him to cruelty which forces him to take a vow to avenge of his humiliation. He said ;

"I'll come back , I'll come back to poone.

I'll show my strength , I'll show cost you;

I'll make this Poona, a kingdom of pigs

Then I'll be Ghashiram again 

The gone of Savaldas  once more".

He returns to Poona. He played a cheap game to gain power. Nana was lusty man therefore he offers his own daughter to nana and in return gets appointed as Kotwal of Poona .

His Remorse    

He is remorseful for spoiling the life of his daughter. He still calls the Brahmans cowards who are scored of him even when his hand id tied.

His Tragic end

It is rightly stated that when there is climax of rise,there begins fall. Ghashiram's degradation or fall begins when twenty two Brahmans die in the prison because of suffocation. His rivals takes  this opportunity and try their best to punish ghashiram, nana also plays a game  here and consents the request of Poona Brahmans to punish ghashiram. Nana achieves two targets with one stone, ghashiram can be punished and the Brahmans of Poona would be pleased at him. This brings a pitiable end of Ghashiram Kotwal. He is punished in public and he meets his tragic death. At last moment of his life, Ghashiram repents for his dealing with Nana to get power. 

His last words ;

"Ghashiram savaldas !

 Ghashiram savaldas !

I danced on your chests

but I wasted the life

of my little daughter 

I should be punished 

for the death of my daughter. 

Beat me. beat me. hit me.

cut off my hands 

and feet crack my skill.

come on, come on.

look! I'm here. 

Oh! that's good...."      

                             Tu Sum up

Ghashiram is a leading character of this play some scholars argue that Tendulkar has made many changes in portraying the character sketch of ghashiram. In the historical ghashiram, he had not any daughter at all. But as Tendulkar himself clarifies that   Ghashiram Kotwal is not historical play. It is set with the historical background. ghashiram remains a  powerful character sketch throughout the play.

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Character Study of Ahab : Novel Moby-Dick by Herman Melville

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Welcome to my blog. Now I'm going to write about the character of Ahab in the adventures novel Moby Dick written by Herman Melville. Let's we look in detail. 

Introduction

"Moby Dick" presents a different world before the reader.Most of part of the story is developed in voyage. So, it is naturally the story has given a chance to the reader to peep into the life of the sailors. All the characters directly or indirectly present the life of a sea like Ishmael, Captain Ahab , Queequeg etc. The writer has described the life of sailors on the ship very minorly.  According to the writer the sea life is full of hardships, troubles and risks. The sailors don't know weather they will return or not. 

Character Studies of Captain Ahab 

Among many characters Ahab is the most important character in 'Moby-Dick written by Herman Melville. In this novel only the white whale is as important as captain Ahab. All the character had good opinion about Ahab. According to peleq,

"Ahab as a good man, not

a pious good man but a 

swearing good man"

Ishmael and Queequeg said that as his name suggests Ahab will meet sad end.

Let's evaluate Ahab with the reference to 'Moby-Dick'

Ahab's oath to his crew

We come to know Ahab's character much better when he took oath to hunt a white whale known as Moby-Dick. This is the whale which had snatched away Ahab's legs. Therefore he decided to take revenge upon that monster. So, the basic purpose of this voyage was to kill white whale. 

In the connection of his oath, he does so as if he were performing a religious ceremony. He serves alcohol to all the sailors and asks them to drink it and then hunt white whale . Ahab become angrey when some one have good opinion about white whale. Once Ahab said to Starbuck, 

"Talk not to me of blasphemy man;

I'd strike the sun if it insulted me."

Moby-Dick As an Evil world for Ahab


Here, Moby-Dick symbolised as Evil in the world especially for captain Ahab. Ahab himself believed that all the world's Evil is Moby-Dick and that is attack on him. The white whale swims before him as monomaniac incarnation. Ahab also takes this task upon him to attack on this evil and decided to end. 

Ahab a man of Egotism

One of the most important factor about Ahab's character is his egotism. He thinks himself to be supremely important. He gives promises to give it as a reward to the sailor who first sees Moby-Dick. One day while gazing at this doubloon, he described his own personality. In sort, what he decides he can do it. 

A man of action, Fearless and  Daring

Apart from all, Ahab is really a fearless and daring man. He is a man of action. He is a dynamic person who never hesitates in his purpose. He does work hard to achieve  his goal on various occasions he himself gets into his boat and chases whales which have sighted.


No one cans see Moby-Dick so, he himself begins to keep a water for it. For three days the chase of Moby-Dick continue sh Ahab was playing leading role to take revenge. His effort to kill the monster by any efforts he always thinks about his purpose not for others. 

His Humanity

Although Ahab possessed passion for revenge and his determination  to hunt down the white whale, yet he has humanity in inner side. It is true that his fixed purpose has crushed everybody's feelings. At that time he sent his wife and son back home.He also takes the mad negro boy under his personal care. Talking to startbuck, he makes a sentimental review of his past life during which he has continuously chasing whales.

He shows his humanity not on his sympathy for pip but also asking Satarbuck not to join in the chase of Moby-Dick and he go with his wife and son even if Ahab gets killed by the white whale. This actions show that Ahab is not any egotism person but also humanity-an person. 

His Symbolic significance

Ahab dies a martyr which may be described as most super human symbolically , Ahab is seeker after truth be the mystery which lies at the heart while the white whale represent mystery and truth. Ahab is represents Satan who revolt against God, who is represented by the white whale from all the point of view ,Ahab symbolised a tragic figure even if Ahab's motive be regarded as evil, we have to admit that he is a Titanic figure.

Conclusion


In "Moby-Dick", Melville's portrayal of Ahab is one of the author's great triumphs in the field of characterisation. Indeed, Ahab is memorable character in the whole range of american literature. We get the feeling that we have actually seen the man and came into close contact with him. He is a superman who meets a sad fate. He is undoubtedly a hero who is vanished by a terrible sea monster. In spite of the fact that there is much evil in this man, he succeeds in emerging as the tragic hero of the book.

In short , the portrayal of Ahab is one of the most convincing portrayals in fiction memo in "moby-Dick". 

Thank you! 

The Heathen : Jack London

Hello Readers!

Hello readers welcome to my blog.This is my blog about the very famous short story "The Heathen". Let's we try to analysis the story in detail. 

Introduction

There was a fashion, a trand to write fiction about adventurous mainly in the middle of the sea. In 19th century American literature 'Treasure Island' by Mark Twain, 'Blow up with the ship' by Wilkie  Collins, ' Moby Dick' by Herman Melville and many other stories about sea life and adventurous are some of the examples of fiction about the world of the sea. The Heathen is another fine example of adventurous journey in the pacific by Jack London. He was a novelist, journalist, short story writer and essayist. One more fact regarding such fiction is that the write's of such stories where themselves associated with the sea life very closely. Jack London worked at various hard labour jobs. Pirated for served on a fish patrol to capture poachers, sailor the pacific on shelling ship  etc.

Here is such adventurous story in detail.

Title of the Story

The title of this short story 'The Heathen' is a strange world. The meaning of this word is a person who doesn't believe in god , an atheist. The narrator meets too, the Heathen during his remains with the narratDor for seventeen years. The story highlights greater qualities of the Heathen. So the title is apt. 

Theme of the Story

The Heathen like many other American stories highlights the adventures in the middle of the sea. It shows how the narrator and Otoo spend life together at various parts of the worlds. It also introduces the character sketch of Otoo  as noble human being. The story shows how a white man, the narrator and native belonging to an Island, development friendship.

Characterisation

  Short Story introduces a small group of characters similarly The Heathen introduces mainly two characters the narrator himself and Otoo, the Heathen. Though this is a long short story. Others character are minor and they have little role to play like other sailors, The pearl treaters, the local inhabitant,Bill king etc.Jack London draws the character sketch of Otoo very powerfully. He is a kind, nobel and more than a family member to the narrator. He is peaceful by nature but when his challenged, he also a strong fighter. 

 Setting

This is an adventurous tale about the sea life.  There for the setting is mostly the sea. The story develops at ship, pots, Islands and the places closely connected with the sea. The pacific, the story begins with the narrator of the ships, pots, Islands and the places closely connected with the sea. The pacific the story begins with the narration of the  the ship the petitesteseam and then many other places are narrated in this story. 

Plot 

Adventure stories highlight the life of sailors mainly the stories related the sea. Story begins with the narrator's journey in the ship petaitjenne, unfortunately the ship meets a storm. There is also epidemic in the ship that claim many lives. Luckily the narrator  is survived with Otoo he meets first time in this sheep. Otoo belongs to BoraBora Island. A coloured man. Then they live together as brother, friends for seventeen years facing every problem. The narrator develops business well with the help of Otoo. He is an assitant, a friend and more than a brother for the narrator. At the end of the story , Otoo sacrifices his life to save the narrator from the shark. Throughout the life Otoo serves the narrator.

  
The narrator himself, Jack London was experienced of the sea life. He had worked on the ship. So his portray of the sea life can be more effective and realistic. 'The Heathen' shows  many aspects of the sea life minutely.He shows adventures, the horror side of the sea as well as the beauty of the sea. His characterisation is also powerful. 


                                       Thank You!

Friendship Poem by Henry David Thoreau

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Welcome to my blog. This is one of my B.A. studies blog  in which I wrote about most famous poem "Friendship" written  by Henry David Thoreau. In the poem "Friendship" by Henry David Thoreau, he addresses the theme of love and how love is shown in our world. ... "Love is to me a world, Sole meat and sweetest drink, and close connecting link." By making love into this real, tangible thing, it helps the reader see how important love is to Thoreau.

Henry David Thoreau 

American essayist, poet, and practical philosopher, Henry David Thoreau was a New England Transcendentalist and author of the book Walden. Henry David Thoreau was born on July 12, 1817, in Concord, Massachusetts. He began writing nature poetry in the 1840s, with poet Ralph Waldo Emerson as a mentor and friend. In 1845 he began his famous two-year stay on Walden Pond, which he wrote about in his master work, Walden. He also became known for his beliefs in Transcendentalism and civil disobedience, and was a dedicated abolitionist. Click here to read more about Henry Thoreau.

"Friendship "Poem by Henry Thoreau 

Friendship

I think awhile of Love, and while I think, 

Love is to me a world, 

Sole meat and sweetest drink, 

And close connecting link 

Tween heaven and earth. 

I only know it is, not how or why, 

My greatest happiness; 

However hard I try, 

Not if I were to die, 

Can I explain. 

I fain would ask my friend how it can be, 

But when the time arrives, 

Then Love is more lovely 

Than anything to me, 

And so I'm dumb. 

For if the truth were known, Love cannot speak, 

But only thinks and does; 

Though surely out 'twill leak 

Without the help of Greek, 

Or any tongue. 

A man may love the truth and practise it, 

Beauty he may admire, 

And goodness not omit, 

As much as may befit 

To reverence. 

But only when these three together meet, 

As they always incline, 

And make one soul the seat, 

And favorite retreat, 

Of loveliness; 

When under kindred shape, like loves and hates 

And a kindred nature, 

Proclaim us to be mates, 

Exposed to equal fates 

Eternally; 

And each may other help, and service do, 

Drawing Love's bands more tight, 

Service he ne'er shall rue 

While one and one make two, 

And two are one; 

In such case only doth man fully prove 

Fully as man can do, 

What power there is in Love 

His inmost soul to move 

Resistlessly. 

Two sturdy oaks I mean, which side by side, 

Withstand the winter's storm, 

And spite of wind and tide, 

Grow up the meadow's pride, 

For both are strong 

Above they barely touch, but undermined 

Down to their deepest source, 

Admiring you shall find 

Their roots are intertwined 

Insep'rably.

In the poem "Friendship" by Henry David Thoreau, he addresses the theme of love and how love is shown in our world. He describes how he views love, and how love is expressed in nature.

Friendship is one of the favourite subject of poet,  Here the title "Friendship" is a short, simple and meaningful as the poem highlights me elements of Friendship. 

Theme of the poem

Thoreau convince his felling emotions  and sentiments by the way of this poem. He has beautifully described love through friendship. According to him love and friendship are both on the same level and are synonyms to each other. 

Content of the poem

Friendship is a well meaning poem. The poet has analyse friendship from it's roots and fount out they are equal and there is no difference between the two love and friendship both are equally important in a relationship, love is the relates feeling in the world as Thoreau begins this poem;

"I think a while of love, and while I think,

love is to me a world"

Love is the base of every relationship. No feeling is superior to love in life. A person with love in his  heart can win anyone and anything in his life. Love can be found many relationship ,such as in couple husband and wife, between parents and children, man and nature, man and animal etc. but love is incomplete without friendship. The poet state mate he is very happy the convey it his friend, he feels love more lovely. He writes,

"I fain would ask my friend how it can be,

But when the time arrives,

Then love is more lovely

Then anything to me,

And so I'm dumb".

The poet argues that the true love can not speak but thinks. A man love the truth practise it, he may admire duty but he can not easily express the true love. The poet also give examples at to  strong asks which stand side by side. They face the winters storm, wind and tide but  they are both strong by root which are inseparable.

In his attempt to determine the limit at friendship Thoreau emerges himself in the Ocean of friendship. His deep exploration makes him realise that the roots at friendship are intertwined, inseparable and undetermined. Intertwined roots of friendship indicate there is no define base of friendship. It can happen between anyone for example there are not set rule to start your friendship with someone in older to have successful friendship. 

Friendship laid on the ground of love will always be successful. End of friendship means and of love. If there is no love there is no friendship. Vise versa true friendship laid on the ground of love is described as inseparable just like no time or age can separate love between two people,similarly true friendship never dies. 

Style of the poem

Thoreau is basically a thinker, philosopher like Emerson. There his poetry governed by taught on Idea rather than feelings. In the present poem friendship he discusses two key element of human life. Love and friendship. 

He has designed the poem into stanza of five lines each most of the lines are short and simple.

"I only know it is, not how or why,

My greatest happiness, 

However hard I try,

Not if I were to die,

Can I explain".

The poet has made use of example of day to day life to convey his idea about love and friendship example The Oak tree.

To sum up

It is Rightly commented ,

"Life without friendship is like wine without taste".

It indicate the role of friendship in our life H.D.Thoreau has also highlighted the same relationship in this poem. This poem conveys a fine massage about the role of love and friendship in our life.

Citation :

“Henry David Thoreau.” Biography.com, A&E Networks Television, 21 June 2019, www.biography.com/.amp/writer/henry-david-thoreau.


Friendship’ Poem by Henry David Thoreau.” Thoreauhenrydavid [Licensed for Non-Commercial Use Only] / "Friendship" Poem by Henry David Thoreau, thoreauhenrydavid.pbworks.com/w/page/73071764/"Friendship" poem by Henry David Thoreau.

                    Thank you!